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This seminar focuses on international macroeconomics. We will study various topics, including: current account determination; the real exchange rate; international capital market integration; capital controls; monetary policy and exchange rates; and balance of payments crises.
This seminar focuses on international macroeconomics. We will study various topics, including: current account determination; the real exchange rate; international capital market integration; capital controls; monetary policy and exchange rates; and balance of payments crises.
本講義は、中級マクロ経済学に引き続き、大学院レベルのマクロ経済学を解説する。具体的には、家計消費、失業の各理論、そして家計間の所得・消費・資産格差の関係を議論できる不完備市場の一般均衡モデル（Bewley-Aiyagari-Huggett Model)を解説する。さらに、マクロ経済学のモデルを用いて、金融財政政策についても議論する。演習と宿題では、数値計算によるモデル分析を行ってもらう予定である。
This course is a continuation of Intermediate Macroeconomics and will cover graduate-level macroeconomics. Specifically, the course will explain the theories of household consumption and unemployment, and the general equilibrium model with incomplete markets (Bewley-Aiyagari-Huggett model) that can discuss the relationship between income, consumption, and asset inequality among households. Furthermore, the macroeconomic model will be used to discuss monetary and fiscal policy. For exercises and homework, students will be asked to analyze the model numerically.
規制当局は、適切な業務を行うために必要な情報の多くを被規制者に依存しており、この依存関係は規制当局が被規制者に便宜を図ることを促している。一方、納税者や市民は規制を監視するインセンティブがあまりなく、一般に無知である。それゆえ規制当局は、一般市民よりもむしろ規制される側を念頭に置いて職務を遂行する傾向があり、規制される側の利益に沿うよう規制当局をさらに促すことになる。更に、キャリアのインセンティブが大きな役割を果たており、将来のキャリアの選択肢を確保したいという願望から、規制当局が被規制者の利益にならないようにするのは難しい。そのため、規制当局と規制対象との間の適切な関係を保つことは非常に重要な課題であると考えられる。
上記のような問題点は、所謂「規制の虜」と呼ばれる。この演習は、資本主義の可能な問題点を留意しながら、近時日本における企業統治改革のあり方を考えてみる。
Regulators depend on the regulated for much of the information they need to do their jobs properly, and this dependence encourages regulators to accommodate the regulated. Taxpayers and citizens, on the other hand, generally have little incentive to monitor regulations and are generally unaware of them. Regulators therefore tend to perform their duties with the regulated rather than the public in mind, which further encourages regulators to align themselves with the interests of the regulated. In addition, the incentives of regulators and the desire to secure future career opportunities make it difficult for regulators to avoid aligning themselves with the interests of the regulated. Therefore, maintaining an appropriate relationship between the regulator and the regulated is considered a very important issue.
Keeping in mind the possible problems of capitalism, this seminar will consider the proper procedures for corporate governance reform in Japan in recent times.
宇宙空間は目に見える星以外にも多様な状態にある原子ガス、分子ガス、プラズマやダスト（広義には宇宙線・磁場・輻射も含む）などに満たされており、これらを総称して星間物質と呼ぶ。宇宙の進化を理解するには、星間物質から天体が形成され、天体から星間物質へと還っていく物質の循環を理解しなければならない。この授業では多様な星間物質の性質や構造、そして銀河や星形成と星間物質の関係を、そこで働く物理過程に基づいて理解することを目的とする。
The interstellar field is not empty, but filled with atomic, molecular gases, plasma and dusts (also cosmic rays, magnetic fields and radiation in a broad sense) and these are known as the interstellar medium (ISM) as a whole. In order to understand the evolution of the Universe, it is of crucial importance to understand circulation of materials between the ISM and astronomical objects. In this course, students will learn the nature and structure of the ISM and its link to galaxies and star formation processes based on physical processes.
The aim of this seminar is to learn the framework of national accounting based on Marxian Labor Theory of Value, accouting of public sector in particular. It is expected that the learning will suggest some problems of the standard System of National Accounts.